9 Causes of Low Testosterone

Low libido, difficulty building muscle, depression, and increased body fat. These are the four most common symptoms of low testosterone people ask me about.

If you have low testosterone, you’re not alone.

A 2006 study found 39% of U.S. men, age 45 and older, were testosterone-deficient.

I’m confident the percentage would be higher if measured today.

The situation is slightly better for women.

Daniel Amen, in his book, Unleash the Power of the Female Brain, points out that 20% of women have low testosterone.

He also suggests another 20% of women have polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) caused by testosterone levels that are too high.

Rather than first looking at what raises testosterone with my clients, I always review what causes low testosterone.

After all, a great strength training program, a testosterone-boosting supplement, or hormone therapy won’t have much of an impact if you sabotage your levels with one or more of the following.

Use What I Use

Thorne sets the standard in supplement quality, purity, and efficacy. That’s why it’s been a consistent part of my nutrition plan for the past decade. Register for an account through my dispensary, and get an exclusive discount every time you order, personalized protocols, and loyalty rewards.

1. Overweight and Obesity

Low testosterone increases body fat, and increased body fat lowers testosterone. This creates a vicious cycle of ongoing weight gain, which lowers testosterone, which causes more weight gain.

Not surprisingly, hormone therapy does decrease body fat and increases muscle mass. However, I’d never recommend starting with hormone therapy. Instead, get your body fat under control by starting with your protein intake, sleep, and strength training.

Grab a copy of my free ebook that goes deeper on these three: The First 3 Habits of VIGOR(ESS) Health.

2. Unmanaged Stress

Women are more susceptible to stress-related drops in testosterone than men. Men primarily produce androgens in the testes, but women depend on their adrenal glands to produce the precursor DHEA, which is then converted to testosterone.

The adrenals also produce the stress hormone cortisol. When stress levels are too high, or when women can’t recover from the stress they face, it can limit the production of testosterone, increasing the ratio of estrogen to testosterone.

Men are not immune to stress either, but it can take longer to show symptoms in men than in women.

Read also: The Best Adaptogens for Health and Fitness

3. Sleep Debt

Testosterone levels peak in the morning, just after waking up (in men, that’s why something else reaches a peak in the morning as well, provided their levels are optimal, and they’re getting enough sleep).

Sleep debt or interrupted sleep suppresses androgen production.

A staggering 26% of middle-aged men have obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which drastically limits testosterone production.

You might be surprised by how much better you feel after two weeks of consistent, sufficient sleep.

4. Excess Alcohol Consumption

A little alcohol increases androgens. Too much and it’ll tank them.

A single night of moderate drinking (one serving for women, two servings for men) increases testosterone. But if you drink more on a single night, or drink more often, you’ll likely lower your hormone production.

Chronic drinking also raises cortisol, which can be a double-whammy for women.

Heavy drinking may lower testosterone by 23-27% 12-16 hours later.

5. Statins

A six-month study showed Rosuvastatin (Crestor) suppressed androgenic hormones. Levels returned to normal after discontinuing use.

Atorvastatin (Lipitor) is also known to lower testosterone. Interestingly, research shows that Lipitor combined with testosterone therapy leads to better outcomes than using Lipitor alone.

That said, I always encourage people to ask a lot of questions before committing to statin therapies. The side effects are undeniable, and the statin isn’t always a necessity.

Sometimes doctors can correct patients’ cholesterol levels by treating their thyroid. Other times, the cholesterol levels take care of themselves with good lifestyle and nutrition choices.

6. Head Trauma (Men)

The pituitary gland triggers the testes to produce testosterone in men (in women, it affects estrogen production). The pituitary gland sits in your head and can get damaged by head trauma.

In some people, the effects of the head trauma on the pituitary don’t show up for years. In others, the effects are almost immediate.

Sometimes the effects are short-term, and other times they are permanent.

When low testosterone is related to pituitary damage, doctors often use another hormone called HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) to stimulate the testes to produce testosterone. The benefit of this therapy is that the testes work like they’re supposed to, rather than using exogenous testosterone, which may cause the testes to stop functioning.

7. Oral Contraceptives (Women)

Women using oral contraceptives often have lower testosterone levels.

Ironic. Contraceptives that prevent pregnancy can lead to low testosterone’s lack of libido, which makes sex less likely anyway.

There’s one exception, though. Some research shows that when women on oral contraceptives consume alcohol, their androgen levels rise. Of course, it’s dose-specific.

8. Long-Term Calorie Restriction

Calorie-restriction is a significant stress.

You don’t have to be on a 500-calorie diet to see your testosterone plummet. You have to eat fewer calories than you burn consistently.

I bring this up because an athlete who’s training for hours each day might eat more calories than the average person, but fewer than he or she needs. In that case, it could lead to excess cortisol and low androgens.

9. Corticosteroids

Corticosteroids such as prednisone and cortisone can lower testosterone levels. If you use these medications daily, get your testosterone levels checked!

Also, if it’s possible, deal with the cause of whatever you need the corticosteroids for.

Summary

Testosterone plays an essential role in your long-term mental and physical health. Even if you don’t have symptoms of low testosterone today, you could develop them in the future if any of the above choices describe your lifestyle.

Get stronger, leaner, fitter, faster, and healthier, no matter where you’re starting from.

With a variety of programs to choose from, I guarantee you’ll find one you love. If not, I’ll give you your money back.

30-Day Money-Back Guarantee

If you don’t love my training programs, I’ll return your membership fees at any time during your first 30 days.*

*Does not apply to custom programs

I’ve created a wide variety of fitness programs. Each is unique based on your experience, fitness level, and goals. As a client, you can move from one program to another as your fitness level and goals change. Lumberjacked and Resilient are the two most popular programs.

Every Client Gets…

  • Periodized training program: Annual programming with 4-12 week training blocks based on specific fitness goals (i.e. strength, conditioning, lean mass, speed, power, etc.)
  • Exercise, set, rep prescriptions: Specified training variables to make ensure you get the results expected in each training session
  • Training history record: Sets and reps are saved after recording them for reference during future training sessions to help ensure you push yourself beyond past performances 
  • Video/written exercise demonstrations and instructions
  • Food tracking
  • Group messaging, training technique critiques, support, and encouragement
  • App syncing with Apple, Garmin, MyFitnessPal, and more
  • Ongoing 2-way messaging with me to answer personal fitness questions and provide support

Pick a program to start with. If you’re still unsure after reading the descriptions, email me.

Beginner

Start here if you’ve never followed a structured strength training program or if you feel like you need to rebuild a base of strength and mobility before following something more intense.

Gym Program

Intro to Resistance Training (IRT)

By using primarily machines, you’ll build strength and improve body composition while gaining an understanding of how your muscles should feel while training them. Plus, you’ll feel more confident about doing the movements correctly as the machines add an extra level of stability while guiding you through the proper range of motion.

Program Summary

  • Program length: 12 weeks
  • Skill level: Beginner
  • Goals: Improved strength, mobility, and body composition
  • Workout frequency: 3 days per week
  • Equipment: Resistance machines, bodyweight, and cardio machines.

Tap the button below and fill out the form to get started.

Gym Program

Genesis (Intro to Free Weights)

This program is what you need to get confident and comfortable performing the exercises most important for developing strength, mobility, and physical stamina.

You’ll gain strength, increase lean muscle mass, and look and feel younger than most young adults! Most clients who complete Genesis transition to either Lumberjacked or Resilient.

Program Summary

  • Program length: 12 weeks
  • Skill level: Beginner
  • Goals: Improved strength, mobility, and body composition, while gaining proficiency in the major free weight exercises used in more advanced programs.
  • Workout frequency: 4 days per week

Tap the button below and fill out the form to get started.

At Home Program

Beginner Bodyweight

Not yet ready for the gym? Need to take things slowly? This 16-week program is just right for you.

Program Summary

  • Program length: 16 weeks
  • Skill level: Beginner
  • Goals: Improved strength, mobility, stamina, and strength
  • Workout frequency: 3-5 days per week
  • Equipment: Bodyweight for first 2 months, resistance bands for months 3 and 4.

Tap the button below and fill out the form to get started.

Intermediate / Experienced

When you’re confident about doing most movements correctly (squats, lunges, presses, rows, etc.), you’re ready for the following programs. You don’t have to be in peak physical shape to start them, but they’ll help you get to that point if you follow them and your nutrition recommendations.

Gym Program

Lumberjack Icon

Lumberjacked

Most popular program for middle-aged men

Build muscle you can see through a flannel shirt and strength and stamina to get the job done, no matter how hard it is or how long it takes. This is not for wimps.

  • 3-5 workouts per week, 50-70 minutes per session
  • Gym membership or full home gym required
  • Focus is on building muscle and strength first, with the secondary benefit of fat loss and improved stamina
  • Programming is ongoing, based on an annual calendar so you don’t need to change programs, the program changes over time for you.

Gym Program

Resilient

Most popular program for middle-aged women

Build conditioning and stamina that not only gets you leaner and fitter, it also helps you handle the stress and pressure of everyday life.

  • 4-5 workouts per week, 50-60 minutes per session
  • Gym membership or full home gym required
  • Focus is on building physical endurance and a lean physique first, and strength second, using mostly resistance training with some cardio
  • Programming is ongoing, based on an annual calendar so you don’t need to change programs, the program changes over time for you.

At Home Program

Hit It At Home

This intense, intermediate program is intended for those who’ve exercised in the past and need to do resistance training at home for a while. It’s also a great complement to an endurance athlete’s program.

During your first two months, you’ll do primarily bodyweight exercises three days per week, and Month 3 will require a small amount of equipment: TRX bands or rings, kettlebells or dumbbells, and resistance bands. Month 3 requires four days of resistance training workouts per week.

As with other programs, you can message me directly with questions as you work through your program. Nutrition targets and tracking are also included.

Look at what clients are saying!

Ernie B.
Ernie B.
I committed to Tom's program because I needed a plan and 50 workouts in I am stronger, more fit, and growing in motivation. Success breads success and the program is challenging, dynamic, and keeps me engaged in my plan. Super appreciate the app and ease of following and tracking the workouts inside the community of other people following the same program.
Kelli H.
Kelli H.
Hands down best training, your search is over, stop and commit here. Here you will find workouts that give you strength, mental clarity, metabolic efficiency, are balanced for performance in your daily life. An added bonus, Tom shares wisdom behind just workouts sharing ways to master nutrition and lifestyle. Join here. You won’t be disappointed.
Ayo L.
Ayo L.
Great program that will improve not just your ACFT score but you're overall fitness as well.
Mariano M.
Mariano M.
I started with Tom's free ACFT program and transitioned to his subscription-based programming. I enjoy the variety and sense of community through his virtual format. I benefit from his military pricing, and it's a great value. Through his program, I have exceeded my fitness goals.
Nathan Renee C.
Nathan Renee C.
Over the years following Tom's strength and conditioning program, I have never been stronger and healthier than I am now. The workouts are straightforward and easy to follow. And he's always available to give advice and suggestions for form. I highly recommend Tom's program to everyone wanting to improve their strength and life overall.
Shawn F.
Shawn F.
Tom is a wealth of knowledge and one of a kind! I’ve been following his advice and been a part of his fitness programs for a number of years. He loves what he does and is very passionate about helping others reach their fitness goals.
W J.
W J.
Recommend without hesitation. Started training with Tom to improve my fitness for the Army Combat Fitness Test. It worked! Now I'm on a women's specific program to augment my triathlon training. The app interface is easy to use and track your progress plus meals if you are so inclined. I like the one-stop ship approach to fitness and health. What I appreciate the most is not having to think about planning my next workout.
Daniel S.
Daniel S.
The best training program I have ever used. Excellent instruction, a great community and an easy to follow health and fitness routine which has literally changed my body as well as adding vitality and longevity to my life.
Chad F.
Chad F.
Coach Nikkola is responsive and very involved in my training program. He has helped me work through multiple injuries while maintaining progress and physical readiness.The workouts are fantastic and the app is easy to use!
Jesse J.
Jesse J.
Tom’s training is amazing!! I’ve consistently used his program for 3 years now and absolutely love it.
Garry M.
Garry M.
Training with Tom has been the single best thing I have ever done for my fitness!I have thought about moving on, trying other scenarios, but I haven't because of what Tom has to offer with the training, programming, the connections I've made and have with other people who train with Tom.I am not the leanest I've ever been, but, I am most certainly the strongest I've ever been. And that's a credit to Tom's programming! Absolutely love it!
Brian F.
Brian F.
Tom's program is simple and transforming! He is responsive and always seeks your success.
chris L.
chris L.
Hands down the best program I have been exposed to in my life. Tom provides straight forward, highly effective approaches to your health on a personal level. Personally, I am stronger, more mobile, and feel better than I did 20 years ago. Highly recommend Tom’s services!
Nic R.
Nic R.
I have been working with Tom for years. He provides great programming to help me build and maintain strength. Highly recommend him.
Roaving P.
Roaving P.
Great program, especially for AD Army
Adam M.
Adam M.
Love the workouts and love the app. Tom is a great dude and wouldn’t recommend anyone else!
Don B.
Don B.
Best program that keeps me consistent and always having a plan at the gym that I don’t have to think about.
Caryn Y.
Caryn Y.
Jared N.
Jared N.
Strength training is a non-negotiable for me. Not having to figure out my own strength training program has been huge for simplifying my life and helped me be successful in my fitness goals. Tom is an expert in his field and I have seen gains after gains by following his program for the last 2+ years. Whether you are beginner or expert you will see growth following Tom's programs. I can't recommend Vigor strength+conditioning enough!
Eugene F.
Eugene F.
I’m a 72 year old semi retired contractor. In my 16th week of training with Tom Nikola . It’s changed my life.I feel 20 years younger, I’m stronger more flexible no more sore joints. It’s not easy or simple but if you do the work It will work for you. Skip
Matt J.
Matt J.
I’ve been working with Tom since 2019. I started with his ACFT prep program and it got me prepared for the ACFT. Shortly after I became a full member and Tom has been my trainer ever since. He is knowledgeable and is a no BS kind of guy. He uses research and years of experience to back his training programs and diet recommendations. He is responsive and truly cares about his clients. 10/10 recommend. It doesn’t matter if your a beginner or a life long lifter, Tom is your man.
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References

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Get stronger, leaner, fitter, faster, and healthier, no matter where you're starting from.

With a variety of programs to choose from, I guarantee you'll find one you love. If not, I'll give you your money back.

30-Day Money-Back Guarantee

If you don't love my training programs, I'll return your membership fees at any time during your first 30 days.*

*Does not apply to custom programs

I've created a wide variety of fitness programs. Each is unique based on your experience, fitness level, and goals. As a client, you can move from one program to another as your fitness level and goals change. Lumberjacked and Resilient are the two most popular programs.

Every Client Gets...

  • Periodized training program: Annual programming with 4-12 week training blocks based on specific fitness goals (i.e. strength, conditioning, lean mass, speed, power, etc.)
  • Exercise, set, rep prescriptions: Specified training variables to make ensure you get the results expected in each training session
  • Training history record: Sets and reps are saved after recording them for reference during future training sessions to help ensure you push yourself beyond past performances 
  • Video/written exercise demonstrations and instructions
  • Food tracking
  • Group messaging, training technique critiques, support, and encouragement
  • App syncing with Apple, Garmin, MyFitnessPal, and more
  • Ongoing 2-way messaging with me to answer personal fitness questions and provide support

Pick a program to start with. If you're still unsure after reading the descriptions, email me.

Beginner

Start here if you've never followed a structured strength training program or if you feel like you need to rebuild a base of strength and mobility before following something more intense.

Gym Program

Intro to Resistance Training (IRT)

By using primarily machines, you'll build strength and improve body composition while gaining an understanding of how your muscles should feel while training them. Plus, you'll feel more confident about doing the movements correctly as the machines add an extra level of stability while guiding you through the proper range of motion.

Program Summary

  • Program length: 12 weeks
  • Skill level: Beginner
  • Goals: Improved strength, mobility, and body composition
  • Workout frequency: 3 days per week
  • Equipment: Resistance machines, bodyweight, and cardio machines.

Tap the button below and fill out the form to get started.

Gym Program

Genesis (Intro to Free Weights)

This program is what you need to get confident and comfortable performing the exercises most important for developing strength, mobility, and physical stamina.

You'll gain strength, increase lean muscle mass, and look and feel younger than most young adults! Most clients who complete Genesis transition to either Lumberjacked or Resilient.

Program Summary

  • Program length: 12 weeks
  • Skill level: Beginner
  • Goals: Improved strength, mobility, and body composition, while gaining proficiency in the major free weight exercises used in more advanced programs.
  • Workout frequency: 4 days per week

Tap the button below and fill out the form to get started.

At Home Program

Beginner Bodyweight

Not yet ready for the gym? Need to take things slowly? This 16-week program is just right for you.

Program Summary

  • Program length: 16 weeks
  • Skill level: Beginner
  • Goals: Improved strength, mobility, stamina, and strength
  • Workout frequency: 3-5 days per week
  • Equipment: Bodyweight for first 2 months, resistance bands for months 3 and 4.

Tap the button below and fill out the form to get started.

Intermediate / Experienced

When you're confident about doing most movements correctly (squats, lunges, presses, rows, etc.), you're ready for the following programs. You don't have to be in peak physical shape to start them, but they'll help you get to that point if you follow them and your nutrition recommendations.

Gym Program

Lumberjack Icon

Lumberjacked

Most popular program for middle-aged men

Build muscle you can see through a flannel shirt and strength and stamina to get the job done, no matter how hard it is or how long it takes. This is not for wimps.

  • 3-5 workouts per week, 50-70 minutes per session
  • Gym membership or full home gym required
  • Focus is on building muscle and strength first, with the secondary benefit of fat loss and improved stamina
  • Programming is ongoing, based on an annual calendar so you don't need to change programs, the program changes over time for you.

Gym Program

Resilient

Most popular program for middle-aged women

Build conditioning and stamina that not only gets you leaner and fitter, it also helps you handle the stress and pressure of everyday life.

  • 4-5 workouts per week, 50-60 minutes per session
  • Gym membership or full home gym required
  • Focus is on building physical endurance and a lean physique first, and strength second, using mostly resistance training with some cardio
  • Programming is ongoing, based on an annual calendar so you don't need to change programs, the program changes over time for you.

At Home Program

Hit It At Home

This intense, intermediate program is intended for those who've exercised in the past and need to do resistance training at home for a while. It's also a great complement to an endurance athlete's program.

During your first two months, you'll do primarily bodyweight exercises three days per week, and Month 3 will require a small amount of equipment: TRX bands or rings, kettlebells or dumbbells, and resistance bands. Month 3 requires four days of resistance training workouts per week.

As with other programs, you can message me directly with questions as you work through your program. Nutrition targets and tracking are also included.

Look at what clients are saying!

Ernie B.
Ernie B.
I committed to Tom's program because I needed a plan and 50 workouts in I am stronger, more fit, and growing in motivation. Success breads success and the program is challenging, dynamic, and keeps me engaged in my plan. Super appreciate the app and ease of following and tracking the workouts inside the community of other people following the same program.
Kelli H.
Kelli H.
Hands down best training, your search is over, stop and commit here. Here you will find workouts that give you strength, mental clarity, metabolic efficiency, are balanced for performance in your daily life. An added bonus, Tom shares wisdom behind just workouts sharing ways to master nutrition and lifestyle. Join here. You won’t be disappointed.
Ayo L.
Ayo L.
Great program that will improve not just your ACFT score but you're overall fitness as well.
Mariano M.
Mariano M.
I started with Tom's free ACFT program and transitioned to his subscription-based programming. I enjoy the variety and sense of community through his virtual format. I benefit from his military pricing, and it's a great value. Through his program, I have exceeded my fitness goals.
Nathan Renee C.
Nathan Renee C.
Over the years following Tom's strength and conditioning program, I have never been stronger and healthier than I am now. The workouts are straightforward and easy to follow. And he's always available to give advice and suggestions for form. I highly recommend Tom's program to everyone wanting to improve their strength and life overall.
Shawn F.
Shawn F.
Tom is a wealth of knowledge and one of a kind! I’ve been following his advice and been a part of his fitness programs for a number of years. He loves what he does and is very passionate about helping others reach their fitness goals.
W J.
W J.
Recommend without hesitation. Started training with Tom to improve my fitness for the Army Combat Fitness Test. It worked! Now I'm on a women's specific program to augment my triathlon training. The app interface is easy to use and track your progress plus meals if you are so inclined. I like the one-stop ship approach to fitness and health. What I appreciate the most is not having to think about planning my next workout.
Daniel S.
Daniel S.
The best training program I have ever used. Excellent instruction, a great community and an easy to follow health and fitness routine which has literally changed my body as well as adding vitality and longevity to my life.
Chad F.
Chad F.
Coach Nikkola is responsive and very involved in my training program. He has helped me work through multiple injuries while maintaining progress and physical readiness.The workouts are fantastic and the app is easy to use!
Jesse J.
Jesse J.
Tom’s training is amazing!! I’ve consistently used his program for 3 years now and absolutely love it.
Garry M.
Garry M.
Training with Tom has been the single best thing I have ever done for my fitness!I have thought about moving on, trying other scenarios, but I haven't because of what Tom has to offer with the training, programming, the connections I've made and have with other people who train with Tom.I am not the leanest I've ever been, but, I am most certainly the strongest I've ever been. And that's a credit to Tom's programming! Absolutely love it!
Brian F.
Brian F.
Tom's program is simple and transforming! He is responsive and always seeks your success.
chris L.
chris L.
Hands down the best program I have been exposed to in my life. Tom provides straight forward, highly effective approaches to your health on a personal level. Personally, I am stronger, more mobile, and feel better than I did 20 years ago. Highly recommend Tom’s services!
Nic R.
Nic R.
I have been working with Tom for years. He provides great programming to help me build and maintain strength. Highly recommend him.
Roaving P.
Roaving P.
Great program, especially for AD Army
Adam M.
Adam M.
Love the workouts and love the app. Tom is a great dude and wouldn’t recommend anyone else!
Don B.
Don B.
Best program that keeps me consistent and always having a plan at the gym that I don’t have to think about.
Caryn Y.
Caryn Y.
Jared N.
Jared N.
Strength training is a non-negotiable for me. Not having to figure out my own strength training program has been huge for simplifying my life and helped me be successful in my fitness goals. Tom is an expert in his field and I have seen gains after gains by following his program for the last 2+ years. Whether you are beginner or expert you will see growth following Tom's programs. I can't recommend Vigor strength+conditioning enough!
Eugene F.
Eugene F.
I’m a 72 year old semi retired contractor. In my 16th week of training with Tom Nikola . It’s changed my life.I feel 20 years younger, I’m stronger more flexible no more sore joints. It’s not easy or simple but if you do the work It will work for you. Skip
Matt J.
Matt J.
I’ve been working with Tom since 2019. I started with his ACFT prep program and it got me prepared for the ACFT. Shortly after I became a full member and Tom has been my trainer ever since. He is knowledgeable and is a no BS kind of guy. He uses research and years of experience to back his training programs and diet recommendations. He is responsive and truly cares about his clients. 10/10 recommend. It doesn’t matter if your a beginner or a life long lifter, Tom is your man.
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